(SCI5110) Waste management assignment on how to reduce waste inOne Tree Hill

Question

Task: Analyse the waste data given and present your findings on waste amounts and trend in your waste management assignment. Evaluate the current waste management practices of the council – i.e. what is working in One Tree Hill and what needs improvement. Derive workable solutions to improve waste management for the suburb. Present your findings and recommendations in professional written report to the local council.

Answer

Introduction
The management of solid waste is a regional problem that has global repercussions. The amount of waste that is created is increasing in tandem with the expanding human population around the world. 2015 was the year that the globe produced a total of 2 billion metric tonnes of solid trash. By the year 2050, it is anticipated through this waste management assignmentthat this figure would have increased to 3.4 billion metric tonnes. It is anticipated that the amount of waste produced in nations with low incomes will increase by more than three times by the year 2050. (Kaza et al. 2018). It is becoming increasingly important to have an efficient solid waste management system in place as the amount of waste that is produced increases. Nonetheless, it is found in this waste management assignmentthat cities and local governments face a wide variety of obstacles when it comes to effectively managing their municipal solid waste. As a consequence of this, it is projected in this waste management assignmentthat at least 2 billion people live in regions that do not have access to garbage collection and instead depend on unregulated dumpsites (UNEP and ISWA 2015). In many urban areas, the lack of effective waste management systems poses significant dangers to both human and environmental health, as well as to people's ability to make a living.

Waste management assignment mentioning the Methods to reduce waste production
The most efficient method to lessen the amount of waste produced by your company is to produce less garbage in the first place. The biggest economic savings and benefits to the environment can be realised through the prevention of waste.

• Reduce: In order to lessen the quantity of waste that is produced, companies might adapt their current procedures by making adjustments to the way in which materials or products are conceived, produced, acquired, or utilised. It is advised in this waste management assignment that to conserve paper, your company could, for instance, recommend to staff members that they only print what is absolutely necessary and check to see that the default settings on all printers are set to print on both sides of the page.
• Reuse: Reusing items and their packaging extends the amount of time that these materials can be used effectively, which delays the need for their ultimate disposal or recycling. Reusing previously used goods, such as appliances, furniture, and building materials, can involve fixing or repairing them, cleaning them, or even merely recovering them in their original form. It is advised in this waste management assignment that, you may avoid the hassle of managing the disposal of a large number of coffee cups by encouraging residents to use reusable coffee mugs rather than one-time-use disposable cups. This will save you time and money.
• Donate: Businesses and other organisations can help those in need by donating goods and supplies to people who have a use for them. For instance, restaurants, motels, and cafeterias swiftly provide perishable foods and foods that have been prepared to individuals who are hungry in the communities in which they are located. It is advised in this waste management assignment that donations of food to local food banks are often picked up free of charge, which can save you money on costs associated with storage and disposal.

The challenge of managing solid waste appears to be most prevalent in major centres and large towns across the globe as a direct result of the enormous quantity of solid trash that is produced as a result of both residential and business endeavours. It is found in this waste management assignment that in the majority of the world's cities and large towns, solid garbage is not only piled up in enormous amounts on rubbish dumps, but it is also tossed and made to lie around in mounds on the street and in small illegal dumps on any piece of vacant ground. These practises take place all over the place. The majority of countries in the third world have much worse waste management problems than industrialised nations, which have the resources, the knowledge, and the public attitudes necessary to control and manage their garbage to some degree. Trash management, in all of its myriad forms, is nothing more than a planned system with the overarching goal of exerting an effective degree of control over the generation, storage, collection, transportation, processing, and disposal of waste. As per the waste management assignment the control and disposal of waste is an essential component of environmental conservation. Its objective is to provide sanitary, effective, and cost-effective solutions for the collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of solid waste, all of which must be accomplished without contaminating the air, the soil, or the water system. The numerous processes that are involved in the management of solid waste from the point where it is generated all the way through the point where it is disposed of in a sanitary manner are referred to as the solid waste chain. It follows that the solid waste chain is the path followed by solid waste from the place of generation all the way to the point where it is disposed of permanently.

In this waste management assignment, the chain of events around solid waste has received a significant amount of attention. In light of the fact that the definitions provided by various authors, as shown above, do not cover every possible scenario, it is necessary to propose a definition that can define waste in a more general sense as follows: "Any object that may or may not have served its intended use and the owner is not ready to continue to take responsibility for ownership and or continuing to keep it and he or she is ready to discard it if possible is a waste." Having examined the definitions provided by various authors, it became clear that they do

Depending on the waste management system that is put into place, waste can either be an asset or a liability. As per the waste management assignment findings, wastes are considered an asset in industrialised nations because these countries have access to the technology and societal attitudes that enable them to change the status of their trash and transform it into an asset rather than a liability. Consider, for instance, how the recycling of used paper can help save trees, which are then put to use in the production of fresh pulp. The current state of management for municipal solid waste has been examined in this waste management assignment, along with a case study of its use in a developing country.

People — cultural & language diversity
Ancestry, top responses

The scope of the waste management assignmentincluded the types and amounts of municipal waste that were produced, the kinds of technologies that were available for their management and processing, the level of industrialization measured by the degree of mechanisation and the availability of technological resources, as well as perceptions and attitudes regarding the management of solid waste. This technique entails taking a representative sample of the waste stream, sorting it, and then weighing each individual component. Defining a local waste stream is made easier with the help of this strategy. For the site-specific investigation, it is necessary to collect a significant number of samples across a number of different seasons. A large sample guarantees that the findings of the waste management assignmentare not skewed and provide accurate information. The characterisation of a solid waste stream that contains components such as food and yard clippings lends itself particularly well to the application of this technology. A survey is typically performed as the first step in any study that would include the use of site-specific study. In a solid waste survey, questions are asked about people's ages, incomes, attitudes, family sizes, and other aspects of their lives that are relevant to the topic of solid waste. This type of statistical study for the waste management assignmentis conducted on a sample population. Whenever there is a need to do research on a sizable population, the survey research method is typically the one that is used. A procedure known as random sampling is frequently utilised in order to observe and collect data from a population. When conducting a waste management assignmentsurvey, the required sample size is partially determined by the required level of statistical quality for the findings of the survey; this, in turn, is related to how the survey data will be utilised. In the field of waste management assignmentsurvey research, two approaches that are frequently used are the questionnaire method and the interview method. The respondent of the waste management assignmentfills out the questionnaire, which is often an instrument consisting of paper and pencil. The interviewer draws conclusions about the respondent based on what they hear during the interview. There will be occasions when you will have a difficult time differentiating between a questionnaire and an interview.

It is found in this waste management assignment that the availability of financial resources is one of the most essential conditions for effective management of solid waste. However, in developing countries, solid waste management is given a very low priority, and as a result, the government only allocates very limited funds to the solid waste management sector. Waste management funding policies are well established in developed countries such as the United States of America (USA). Because of this, the waste management organisations are left with options for how to make do with the small amount of money that was obtained from the user service charge. As per the findings in the waste management assignment the users' ability to pay for the services is very limited by their income, and their willingness to pay for services that are irregular and ineffective is not high either. The charges for waste disposal service that are collected by the disposal agents are too low to have any meaningful impact on the management of solid waste. Furthermore, trash disposal agents do not receive a financial reward at the end point of the solid waste's journey; as a result, the only source of financing for waste disposal agents comes from the fees associated with the disposal of garbage.

It is advised in this waste management assignment that more attention must be paid to preventing the obstruction of waterways. Not only is this an unsightly look, but it also leads to home floods, disease proliferation, and pest infestations. There must be an improvement in the management of litter in large towns, cities, and metropolitan areas. It is recommended in this waste management assignment that providing extra public rubbish bins across the city and replacing the existing ones when they get old or damaged is an excellent approach to promote this. If containers are provided, people will at least have the opportunity to use them. Without rubbish bins, the only alternative people will have as per the waste management assignmentis to continue their current practise of dumping trash on the ground.

Obviously, finance is a major limitation in solid waste management; therefore, the Waste management authorities in the metropolitan area should pay special attention to financial planning. The government should impose specific fees on residents and business owners in the metropolitan area. As per the waste management assignmentthese fees should be allocated to the overall management of solid trash in the city. The collection of these fees should be organised so as to remove the current challenges associated with the collection of levies and fees.

It is found in this waste management assignment that many officers in charge of solid waste management, notably in municipal and state waste management authorities and other bodies dealing with waste concerns, have little or no environmental engineering or management training or technical background. In actuality, the absence of trained employees exacerbates all of the challenges facing the solid waste Management system. This includes all employees, from administrators to trash collectors. No organised training programme exists, and communication is inadequate. As per the analysis in the waste management assignment personnel training is vital. Importantly trained managers, supervisors, and foremen at both collecting and final disposal sites are necessary for a well-functioning operation and the collection of operational data. The responsible body should draught new policies for the management of solid waste in the metropolitan area that specify the training requirements for various jobs in the solid waste management system, and then formally adopt these new regulations. Currently, public understanding of solid waste concerns is quite limited. Improved public awareness is required. This can be accomplished by the incorporation of environmental education with an emphasis on solid waste into elementary and primary school curricula. Other possible factors mentioned in the waste management assignmentinclude news releases, letters to the editor, news stories, newsletter articles, speeches, radio and television appearances, messages in churches and mosques, and notifications in church bulletins. These are logical and financially viable strategies for raising public awareness about solid waste management.

Currently, it looks that landfills will continue to be used, hence funding for the provision of landfill liners should be increased. It is advised in the waste management assignment that even if they are not the greatest, efforts should also be made to obtain liners from foreign sources as donations. It is found in this waste management assignment that this should also apply to earlier technologies such as leachate and gas collection systems. It is preferable to have older technology than none at all (Zavodska, 2003).

Conclusion
According to interviews with solid waste removal workers, no safety equipment was supplied for them. It is analysed in this waste management assignment that solid waste collection personnel and workers at landfills should have access to protective equipment. It is found in this waste management assignment that all workers should be provided with sturdy boots and gloves, as the greatest danger they face is stepping on sharp things that could puncture their legs and scrape their hands when picking up sharp objects.

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