Strategic transformation assignment on BMW design change towards electric driven cars

Question

Task: how to evaluate BMW change of propulsion from fossil fuels to electric using Strategic transformation assignment analysis techniques?

Answer

Chapter 1: Introduction
Background of the Strategic transformation assignment report
this Strategic transformation assignment will investigate BMW electronic car model. The rate of urbanisation and industrialization, as well as the fast expansion of the automotive sector, have all contributed to the steady deepening of supply and demand tensions in the worldwide oil market, which has led to an increased visibility of global warming. It is safe to say that new energy cars have established themselves as the front-runners in their respective markets thanks to the efforts of the main auto-producing nations across the world to foster their research, development, and use.

In 2022, the BMW Group is still working to improve the excellence of its operations in order to ensure that it can continue to be successful despite the challenging environment. Both versions of their cars manufactured by the firm are in great demand around the globe. The current geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe is causing limitations to be placed on the manufacturing network of the BMW Group. As a result of the predicted modifications to output, it is now projected that deliveries will be on par with those of the previous year.

Problem Statement
According to a research published by Pero, et al. (2018), one in every five EV owners in the United Kingdom gave up on their electric vehicles and purchased a gasoline-powered vehicle instead. The creation of electric cars and batteries both result in nearly the same amount of carbon dioxide emissions, although the latter includes the production of the battery. Haider (2020) found that for every kilowatt-hour of battery capacity, 150 kg of carbon dioxide was released into the atmosphere. For an electric car to go a decent distance without having to be refuelled, the battery must have a capacity of at least 60 kWh.

Organisation background
The end of the twentieth century saw BMW well established as a byword for the finest in vehicle luxury. BMW's 1994 purchase of the Rover Group was a failed attempt to strengthen the company's foothold in the fast-growing SUV sector. When the company sold the Land Rover brand to Ford in 2000, it had racked up losses of more than $4 billion. Thereafter, the Quandt family remained heavily invested in the company. BMW, or BayerischeMotoren Werke AG to give it its full name, is a renowned German automaker known mostly for its motorcycles and sports automobiles. The headquarters may be found in Munich. BayerischeFlugzeug-Werke was established in 1916 to produce aircraft engines. In the 1920s, however, it shifted its focus to the motorcycle industry under the name BayerischeMotoren Werke (Jiang, 2018).

Significance of the Study
In addition to having a major bearing on the development of energy consumption and application, the automotive industry is also a major contributor to the economic prosperity of the world's most industrialised countries. These vehicles make use of electricity to replace non-renewable sources of energy consumption, such as oil, thereby reversing the high demand for pollution and paving the way for the evolution of energy development in a direction that is clean, low-carbon, and efficient (Jensen and Mabit, 2017). New energy vehicles have the potential to realise multiple technical areas of linkage and integrated application from the point of view of economic development. As a result, the energy, technology, industry, and transportation sectors will be able to realise a multidimensionally high degree of integration. The rapid transformation of energy is aided by the industrial upgrading of these technologies, which may also serve as a new strong growth point driving the global economic restructuring and upgrading.

Rationale
Over 2.5 million autos and over 194,000 motorbikes were sold all over the globe by the BMW Group in 2021. During the fiscal year 2021, the firm had revenues of 111.2 billion euros, which resulted in a profit of 16.1 billion euros before taxes. There will be a total of 118,909 people working for the BMW Group as of the 31st of December in 2021. Because of their dedication to responsible business practises and strategic planning over the long term, the BMW Group has consistently enjoyed a high level of commercial success (Hua et al., 2019). From the very beginning of the supply chain to the very end of the use phase of each product, the company has always placed a strong emphasis on the principles of sustainability and efficient resource management as a primary component of its overall strategic direction. This has been the case from the very beginning of the process.

Research aims and objectives
The aim of this research is to analyse the need and methods of strategic transformation for BMW Germany to transform from fuel-powered vehicles to fully electric vehicles.
The objectives of the Strategic transformation assignment report are enlisted hereunder:
To evaluate the necessity of strategic transformation BMW to convert its vehicles into fully electric;
To identify the necessary procedures that the company must go through for the transformation;
To assess the importance of transformation from fuel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles ;
To determine the sustainability of electric vehicles;
To examine the potential benefits and scopes of BMW related to the transformation;
To identify the challenges associated with strategic transformation.

Research Questions
Why is strategic transformation necessary for BMW to convert its vehicles into fully electric?
What are the challenges associated with strategic transformation?

Organisation of the Study

Fig 1.1: Dissertation Structure
(Source: Created by author)

Research Gap
There was inefficiency in finding and evaluating relevant papers and journals which is a key part of writing a paper. Therefore, all of the publications and papers discussed here are appropriate for this discussion because they are important in generating the strategic transformation of making the BMW cars fully electric from being fuel powered. Importantly, this chapter has examined the components through establishing themes that are related to the study purpose and objective, so that's something to keep in mind. There is a lot of room for interpretation about the challenges that influence on the electric transformation of the cars, which is one of the key gaps that has been highlighted here. There was no mention of the fact that whether the competitors will face a threat from the cars being fully electric.

Limitations of Strategic transformation assignment
In this study, only the secondary method has been used; no mention of the primary quantitative data analysis has been done due to Covid 19. To derive reliable results from a research, a large enough sample size is required. The more people in the sample, the more accurate the findings. Finding meaningful patterns in the data will be challenging if the sample size is too small. To guarantee that a statistical test's results are applicable to a broader population, it is customary to use a larger sample size. Academic researchers, like students, may have to satisfy deadlines for submitting an article to a journal or other time limitations connected to their study, such as those imposed by the professor. Also in this study, only the BMW cars of Germany has been explored and evaluated, others has not been exemplified.

Summary
This chapter has served as a detail concept on the subject which is thestrategic transformation for BMW Germany to change car products from fuel-powered to fully electric. The study's foundations have been laid forth in the research's context. Based on the goals of the study, a primary research question and a series of secondary research questions have been established. The study's goals have been included into the development of the research questions. Following a consideration of the study's limitations, the study's significance is outlined. The whole dissertation proposal is also included. Therefore, the next chapter is devoted to a literature review that takes into account the aforementioned factors.

Chapter 2: Strategic transformation assignment Literature Review

Introduction
This chapter takes into account what has been learnt about this topic from prior research and incorporates that information. Previous Strategic transformation assignment research in this area has been analysed from a variety of sources, including journals, articles, and reports. In this paper, we take into account and review articles from pertinent journals to examine the history of this study and the works that have come before. This section will work to refine the analysis so that it can meet the needs of the study as it progresses. In order to examine the literature on the subject, some broad themes have been developed here. The themes have been constructed in a way that makes it possible for the researchers to collect data useful for achieving the aims of the study. The research questions were considered while developing the overarching themes. In addition, this chapter has presented a theoretical framework for the study. Therefore, it is guaranteed that the data come from reliable and credible resources here.

The necessity of strategic transformation for BMW to convert its vehicles into fully electric
According to Sovacoolet al. (2019) the BMW Group is watching the unfolding of events in eastern Europe with profound worry and utter dismay. The BMW Group, as a multinational corporation, advocates for the harmonious coexistence of a variety of cultural traditions all over the globe, at any given time and in any given place. All individuals who have been injured or lost loved ones as a result of this conflict are in the hearts and minds of the people who work for BMW Group. Madi?, et al. (2021) states that the manner in which the BMW Group is addressing the transition is beneficial to all parties involved in the firm, they expect to create new positions all over the globe this year, which will bring the total number of employees it employs throughout the world to a total that is up to five percent larger than it was before the technological revolution that is now taking place. In this approach, the corporation is making a contribution to the economic and social well-being of its sites all over the globe (Cabigiosu, 2022). To be successful on a global scale, a corporation must be able to fully comprehend the requirements and preferences of consumers residing in each of the world's three primary areas and deliver on their expectations. According to Gustafsson and Holster Krantz, (2022), with the expanded presence in China, we will be able to satisfy this criterion to the same level in every location. This will be accomplished by the BMW Group in a number of ways, one of which is by increasing the variety of fully electric vehicles it offers in the market that has the highest demand for e-mobility worldwide and beginning production of a fully electric variant of the BMW 3 Series Long-Wheelbase Version that has been specifically adapted for the Chinese market this year. ANI Press Release (2022) states that the BMW X5 lineup will also be extended to include a model that will be manufactured domestically in China, as was previously revealed by the firm.

The introduction of the BMW iX and the BMW i4 in 2017 marked a significant step forward for the BMW Group in its effort to digitalize the user interface. In Germany, the home market for the BMW Group, pre-configured new automobiles and newer used cars throughout the full model range are already available for online purchasing, as stated by Bohnsacket al., (2020). In addition to offering intuitive configuration to simplify the process of purchasing, this option is also available for pre-configured new vehicles. The business intends to sell around one-quarter of its automobiles on the internet by the year 2025. In addition, Jia, et al. (2021) stated that the detection of service needs via the use of data allows proactive customer care. As per Strategic transformation assignment findings, this enables the client to be reached immediately and to get help remotely, if that option is available; alternatively, if necessary, a visit to the workshop may be arranged in an easy and effective manner.

The importance of transformation from fuel-powered vehicles to electric vehicles
As per Morgan (2020) despite the fact that the expenses of operating electric cars are, on average, far cheaper than the costs of operating comparable conventional vehicles, the purchase prices of electric vehicles may be much higher. As manufacturing quantities rise and battery technology continue to advance, it is anticipated that prices will catch up and become comparable to those of conventional cars. Additionally, savings on fuel expenses, Zhang and Hanaoka (2021) opined a federal tax credit, as well as incentives from the state and utility companies may help cover the initial investment. It offers a tax credit for new purchases ranging from $2,500 to $7,500, with the amount depending on the size of the car and the capacity of its battery. In addition, certain governments and energy providers provide financial incentives, the majority of which are included in the database of Laws and Incentives.

The excellent efficiency of electric-drive components in electric cars as opined by Pichler et al. (2021) allows for significant savings on gasoline. Fuel economy is calculated differently for all-electric than for conventional cars because of their reliance on electric power. As per Mishra et al., (2021) current light-duty all-electric cars may get over 130 MPGe and go 100 miles on just 25-40 kWh. Most HEVs outperform their conventional counterparts in terms of fuel efficiency and cost of operation. The 2021 Toyota Corolla Hybrid, according to FuelEconomy.gov, has an EPA combined city/highway fuel efficiency estimate of 52 MPG, whereas the standard 2021 Corolla has an estimate of 34 MPG. It is true as stated by Kurien and Srivastava (2019) that the fuel economy of medium and heavy-duty all-electric cars and PHEVs is strongly dependent on the load carried and the duty cycle.

The sustainability of electric vehicles
Kumar and Alok (2020) researched that a number of recent research, electric cars are not much better for the environment than conventional vehicles that run on petrol. In point of fact, a great number of industry professionals have reaffirmed unequivocally that electric vehicles, in terms of their carbon footprint, are probably worse for the environment than diesel automobiles. It is not the gasoline itself that is to blame for this situation; rather, it is the method by which electric vehicle batteries are produced and the method by which they are charged. According to Rapa, et al. (2020), by electrifying freight transport and adopting electric vehicles for delivery and ridesharing, the industrial sector may be incentivized to modernise infrastructure and embrace clean and ecologically sound technology. This may be accomplished by electrifying freight transport. It is possible that it would further improve scientific research and develop technical capabilities in order to disrupt current value chains and position India as a focal point for the production of electric vehicles and associated exports.

In addition, Skeeteet al., (2020) opined that at low-cost and emission-free fuel cell technology, which they think has the potential to one day take the place of automobiles powered by internal combustion engines. This technology is far less expensive than traditional gasoline engines, and it has the potential to lower the cost of vehicles if it is implemented in mass commercial manufacturing. As Doluweeraet al., (2020) has said, the technology behind fuel cells allows for an unbroken flow of power and is very resilient. The fact that fuel cell technology generates energy by causing a chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen is evidence that it is friendly to the environment and will continue to be so in the foreseeable future. They are not costly as per CihatOnatet al., (2020), and they provide durability and a performance index that is comparable to that of alternatives that are already on the market. It is projected that they will reduce unit costs to a large degree if they are put into production, and it is feasible that they will become a more cost-effective option than batteries as well as conventional engines. If this occurs, it is anticipated that they will lower unit prices. As a consequence of this, the problem that demands immediate attention is the way that is now being used to manufacture electricity. If we want to attain true energy efficiency, it is absolutely necessary for us to create power in a manner that is both kind to the natural world and capable of being maintained throughout time.

The potential benefits and scopes of BMW related to the transformation
According to Jinesh and Brohl (2022), it was determined that there were three primary drivers driving BMW's decision to shift from a product-centric to a service-centric business strategy. These include the culture of the organisation, an edge over competitors, and increased income. In terms of the culture of the organisation, BMW, which was an industry pioneer, makes constant efforts to be creative in the key business operations it engages in. But BMW introduced internet services in cars for the first time in 1997 as the studies by Kopalle, et al., (2019) shows, with the goal of being a leader in technological innovation and a market pioneer at the same time. In keeping with its goal to be a leader in technological innovation and organisational culture, BMW has fulfilled its commitment to provide solutions that are more focused on the needs of the customer (Reinkemeyer, 2020). The incorporation of these kinds of services was the impetus for the first steps toward altering its economic strategy.

According to Sundaram, et al. (2020) BMW launched a number of digital services to the public in an effort to generate new sources of income. Profits for businesses using the in-service integration model come from offering customers solutions and developing fresh channels for bringing in money. Perhaps this is why as Ahmed and MacCarthy (2022) states BMW decided to pivot toward a service model. BMW constructed digital goods and services that are supposed to help them distinguish their main product, the automobile, and earn income. The company has been providing this service for quite some time without disclosing how much money it has made from it. Annual report data and the growth of third-party services on the digital service platform suggest that this income stream is very important to BMW. One of the motivations for the shift is the pursuit of financial success.

BMW's use of technological integration, partnerships, dynamic capabilities, and knowledge process activities were all key enablers of the transition. As Altenburg, et al. (2022) put IT companies have entered the automobile market by providing services such as online parking payments and in-car entertainment systems. They upend the car industry's business paradigm with their superior technical understanding and market dominance. Instead of going into competition with these other companies, Alonso Raposoet al., (2021) articulates that BMW has formed an alliance with them. Tardieu et al., (2020) stated that the firm decided to forego in-house development of the technology in favour of a collaborative approach that would allow it to access a partner's service and provide the chance to combine services from third-party service suppliers.

The challenges associated with strategic transformation
The Strategic transformation assignment studies of Goswami et al., (2021) formulates that digital transformation goals are organisations with a robust change management plan. Organizational success depends on the strength of its culture on the handling of change. BMW's new projects and plans for execution are doomed to fail without a change strategy. As per Gomes, (2020) complexity is a given in enterprise software. Being on the cutting edge of technology can be nerve-wracking. This is a significant obstacle for businesses undertaking digital transformation from the perspectives of both the deployment and integration of data and the end-user experience. During the planning phases of a transformation project, leaders should keep this in mind and prioritise locating the most user-friendly, comprehensive solutions possible.

In the opinion of Lechner (2020) problems arise when implementing new procedures and technology because long-serving workers may oppose change since they see no need to alter their methods. According to Cennamoet al., (2020) organizational change is constant, but COVID-19 sped up the process. As time goes on and industries develop, that will shift. A complete digital transformation is no small task, and it may take a company many years of dedicated work. The issues that consumers face will inevitably progress. When it comes time to implement new digital technology, BMW should be prepared and have a strategy in place.

Literature Gap
For this chapter's creation, I searched for relevant publications in academic journals and read them. There is a direct connection between fat and anorexia, thus all the publications and papers discussed here are appropriate for this discussion. However, when compiling this assessment of the literature, several significant shortcomings have become apparent. Finding and analysing relevant articles and journals, an essential aspect of drafting a paper, was inefficient. Because of their significance in generating the strategic transformation toward making the BMW cars fully electric from fuel powered, all of the publications and papers discussed here are appropriate for this discussion. It should be kept in mind that this chapter has analysed the components by developing themes that are pertinent to the study's aim and purpose. One of the significant gaps that has been noted here is the amount of freedom for interpretation there is about the issues that impact on the electric transition of the autos. Whether or whether the completely electric automobiles pose a danger to the existing industry was not addressed.

Chapter 3: Strategic transformation assignment Research Methodology

Introduction
The "research methodology” is the process through which a researcher designs and organises an experiment to guarantee that it will provide reliable results in line with the study's stated goals. A good methodology chapter in a dissertation or thesis should not only list the steps necessary to complete the research, but also provide an explanation of the reasoning behind each step. In other words, the methodology section has to prove that the chosen procedures and techniques are the most appropriate for accomplishing the study's goals and objectives and that they will provide trustworthy findings in order to justify the design decisions that led to those choices. Showing that the selected approaches and procedures are ideal for the study will do the trick. When doing research, it is important to choose a technique that will provide results that are supported by scientific evidence.

Research Onion

Figure 3.1: Research onion
(Source: Saunders et al., 2015)

Research Strategy
The term "research strategy" is used to describe the steps used throughout the investigation. Choosing the right research approach is crucial for achieving the goals of any study. If you're doing any kind of study, you may reference this as a way to figure out what strategies and procedures are going to be most effective in getting you to your desired destination. This is crucial for determining the research's trajectory and making informed decisions about which avenues to pursue (Rong et al., 2020). Simply put, this is the process of deciding on and implementing an appropriate research strategy that will allow for optimal data gathering and ultimately lead to the development of the most fruitful research path. As a result, in this situation, the quality of the research is guaranteed. Researchers should consider the issue statement and their reasoning behind it before deciding on a research strategy. The researchers will be able to accomplish their goals with the help of the information provided in these sections. Researchers need to be aware of the significant research gaps in data gathering approaches and strategies in order to make an informed choice on the research strategy to use. Properly identifying the gaps is essential for choosing the right solution. For the secondary qualitative analysis, thematic analysis has been completed, and for the main quantitative research analysis, questionnaires have been developed (Sakamoto et al., 2017). When it comes to gathering reliable data about the subject at hand, it seems that interviews and surveys will prove to be the most fruitful methods.

Research Design
Researchers need to stick to a research design if they want to get reliable results from their investigations. Following the right approach and structure is essential for successfully accomplishing the research's aims and objectives. In particular, researchers should pay great attention to the significance of making an appropriate choice of the design (Freshwater, 2019). The study's foundation rests on making a well-informed decision on which methodology and theoretical framework will be most useful for accomplishing the set goals. With that in mind, it is worth noting that researchers often use one of three distinct research designs, each of which is tailored to the specific needs of a given study.

Because of its superior compatibility with the purpose of the investigation, the descriptive research design was selected as the methodology for this study. Van Der Walt (2020) reached the conclusion that the design that is now being discussed is the consideration that is of the biggest relevance to take into account in this particular circumstance. The fact that the design was produced is the root cause of this issue, and it's easy to see why. It is possible to conclude that this is the case due to the fact that the researchers have been successful when using this methodology.

Research Philosophy
There are three primary philosophies to research that are often used within a research project. These approaches are known as research philosophies. Ryan (2018) identifies these three perspectives as realism, interpretivism, and positivism. The requirements and goals of the study drive the selection and use of each of these philosophical approaches for a variety of reasons. The fact that this philosophical approach helps one obtain a more precise understanding of the topic at hand is the primary reason why the interpretivism philosophy was chosen for the study. It is possible that the validity of the study might be improved as a result of the answers that are offered by the philosophy since the answers are true in and of themselves (Ryan, 2018).

As a direct consequence of this, the relevance of the interpretivism philosophical approach is deeply embedded in the work that the researchers have done. The researchers have a continuous goal of enhancing their study in a manner that is consistent with the procedure of coordinating the subject matter and amassing the data (Souza et al., 2021). The study may be considered genuine if it were to incorporate this fact, which is supported by the fact that the solutions offered by the philosophy are true in and of themselves. As a direct consequence of this, the relevance of the interpretivism philosophical approach is engrained in the work that the researchers have done. The researchers have a continuous goal of enhancing their study in a manner that is consistent with the procedure of coordinating the subject matter and amassing the data.

Research Approach
Because an inductive methodology requires the collection of data on the basis of the subject being investigated in the research study, and because an inductive methodology is a flexible methodology as a result of this requirement, an inductive research approach has been chosen for this investigation. The researcher is able to reach the conclusion that the subject of the investigation should be maintained for the purpose of making enhancements to the research study (Van Der Walt, 2020). As per the Strategic transformation assignment findings, this allows the researcher to come to the conclusion that the subject of the investigation should be maintained for the purpose of making enhancements to the research study.

Data Sources and Data Types
In terms of retrieving information for research purposes, researchers often employ two distinct kinds of data sources. Primary data often reflects the actual situation in which the data was collected. As a rule of thumb, primary sources are used wherever possible while trying to acquire accurate information (Prior and Leckie, 2022). Researchers may utilise these sources with confidence for additional studies in the field since they are both trustworthy and easily replicated. When doing additional research, it is common practise to rely on secondary data sources, which often consist of previously published literature. Various journals and publications are taken into account, and information is retrieved from these sources. This method works well for assessing the preexisting aspects that aid the study, and better research may be undertaken based on the already-defined ideas and knowledge. There are two main categories of information used in each given study: Qualitative and Quantitative. The term qualitative data is used to describe information obtained via interviews or other forms of in-depth conversation (ShirosakiMarçal de Souza et al., 2021). This information may be gleaned from either primary or secondary sources. In contrast, quantitative data is often associated with numerical data. This study has relied on secondary qualitative data gleaned from reputable literature sources.

Data Collection Methods
The term "data collection" refers to the process of gathering trustworthy data to ensure that quality checks are performed, the study's integrity is preserved, and informed strategic decisions are made. This data can then be analysed to develop solutions to research difficulties, address concerns, compare results, and predict trends with probability (Roh, et al. 2019). At the start of the data gathering phase, investigators need to define the information categories, information sources, and data collection techniques they will use. A thorough understanding of the project's goals and objectives is necessary for selecting the data collection method that is most suited to the task at hand.

Data for this research was gathered using a secondary data collecting technique that entails looking at material that has already been analysed. Using information that has previously been gathered and analysed by another source is known as secondary data collecting. There have been statistical analyses performed on this data (Sileyew, 2019). This data comes from the researcher's own explorations or from information provided by the paper's authors for further investigation. One definition is that it is information learned after the fact. Even while secondary data is easier and cheaper to collect than primary data, its use raises problems about the reliability of the original data gathered.

In qualitative research, Thematic analysis is a secondary research method. Articles and journals were selected from a broad variety of secondary sources to help with this goal. The selected publications and papers for this area were chosen in large part because of their authoritative standing and relevance to the issue at hand (Sundleret al., 2019). In this respect, we have considered authoritative primary sources like Proquest and Google Scholar. All of these resources were verified to be current and trustworthy enough to be utilised in the publication selection process. Journals that have been peer-reviewed by industry professionals are one kind of secondary source used.

Data Collection Process
The data collection process is an essential component of every study. The research's continuation and ultimate success rely on the quality of the data collected. It has become clear that sampling procedures are intrinsically tied to the data gathering process of every study. However, thematic analysis has been performed in this case of secondary qualitative research. Castleberry and Nolen, (2018) stated that selecting journals and publications from these sources was done with the knowledge that they were all up-to-date and legitimate.

Strategic transformation assignment Data Interpretation
Results cannot be of any value without a systematic approach to data analysis. To analyse data is to classify it, alter it, and summarise it so that research questions may be addressed. Unlike quantitative data, which can be analysed immediately after collection and organisation, qualitative data requires a numerical conversion before examination. That is because it takes a long time and causes a lot of mistakes to parse an unprocessed text (Bahureksaet al., 2021). The most common kinds of qualitative data are nominal and ordinal data. Ordinal data is simpler to analyse than nominal data, although the same technique may be used to either. Ordinal data is often represented numerically; consequently, it may not be necessary to code the information if it is being acquired. But it is possible to decipher nominal data without resorting to a code.

Data Analysis Plan
Thematic analysis was performed on the secondary qualitative data. During this procedure, many fundamental topics to the investigation are formed. Researchers using thematic analysis place a high priority on topic formation (Clarke, et al. 2015). The aims of the study and the key questions that will be answered by the research have been taken into account here when the themes are developed. The majority of the data used to explore the topics comes from secondary sources.

Ethical Consideration
Research should be conducted according to the highest standards of ethics and legality. As a result, there are important ethical issues that must be met in both secondary and primary research. Journals were selected with great care for theme analysis in the case of secondary research. The journals used for this study all come from reputable publishers. All applicable copyright laws have been strictly adhered to here (Arifin, 2018). This does not infringe upon the copyright of any of the cited works. All sources used and cited are properly cited and acknowledged. Aside from that, it was assumed that the researchers didn't exploit the data for their own ends.

Summary
Methods for collecting data for this investigation are outlined in this section. The research philosophy, methods, design, and tactics have all been thoroughly covered in this section. Exact details regarding the data sources and data type utilised are provided, as well as a thorough overview of the underlying data kinds and sources. This chapter reveals that the study used secondary qualitative techniques. This chapter concludes with a discussion of the ethical principles that informed this work. In the next chapter, we will explain the results obtained using these techniques.

Chapter 4: Discussion
Introduction
The analysis of the previous chapters have been described in this chapter. The most important results from the secondary study have been analysed here with regard to this topic. The topic analysis that was performed for the secondary qualitative research served as the basis for the development of the debate. This chapter is an important one since it is possible to draw conclusions about the research based on the analyses that are presented here.

Thematic Analysis
Theme 1: Automobiles transforming Society
The development of the vehicle was the single development in the history of transportation that resulted in the greatest number of both good and bad repercussions. Automobiles have had a significant impact on people's lifestyles all around the globe due to the fact that they are the mode of transportation that is most often used. Larger vehicles often use a greater amount of fuel. Therefore, it will cost you more money to fill up an SUV than it would a conventional vehicle when you go to the gas station. The unneeded combustion of gasoline poses a threat to our natural resources. However, the majority of automobiles are harmful to the surrounding ecosystem. People are beginning to come to the realisation that global warming is a genuine problem that requires immediate attention. This is being caused by pollution, which has the potential to alter the appearance of the planet for good. Automobiles are the primary contributors to the world's most serious environmental problem—pollution (Deng et al., 2018). The combustion of fuels results in the release of hazardous pollutants. To mitigate the effects of climate change and help preserve the environment, manufacturers are constantly developing more fuel-efficient and less harmful forms of transportation. These automobiles have the capability of operating on fuels other than gasoline. The use of hybrids as food sources is increasingly gaining popularity. The desire to reduce one's reliance on fossil fuels has led an increasing number of consumers to purchase hybrid vehicles. The combination of gasoline and electricity that is required to power a hybrid vehicle results in significant fuel savings.

Theme 2: Innovation in Automobile Industry
Autonomous vehicle fleets broaden the breadth of last-mile delivery, cut down on maintenance time, and work toward making public transit somewhat safer (Bhatia et al., 2021). These days, automobiles are equipped with a digital identity that cannot be altered and that distinguishes them from all other automobiles connected to the network. This makes it possible to readily monitor data pertaining to cars, which may be valuable in a number of settings, including insurance, driver safety, preventive maintenance, and fleet management. Moreover, this makes it feasible to conveniently monitor data relating to drivers. It is vital that various choices for electric mobility be supported in view of the dwindling reserves of fossil fuels as well as the harm to the environment that is produced by the usage of fossil fuels. In order to gain wider acceptability, electric vehicles (EVs) will need to overcome challenges such as excessive cost, limited battery capacity, inadequate charging infrastructure, fleet electrification, and powering charging networks based on renewable energy sources.

Theme 3: Sustainability in Electric Vehicles
According to the findings of Fariaet al.,( 2012), electric vehicles are healthier for the environment. They release a lower amount of greenhouse gases and other air pollutants than gasoline or diesel-powered vehicles. This takes into consideration their productivity as well as the power that they generate to keep themselves operational. The most important benefit of electric cars is the potential contribution they have to contribute in improving the quality of air in metropolitan areas. No carbon dioxide is produced by their operation since pure electric cars have no exhaust pipes. The result is a significant decrease in pollutants in the air. Or, to put it another way, electric cars contribute to cleaner streets, which benefits pedestrians and cyclists. Even if just one electric vehicle is driven on public roads, it could save more than a year's worth of emissions by itself, or an average of 1.5 million grammes of carbon dioxide. The price of gasoline is increasing as a direct result of the continued rise in fuel consumption, which is occurring concurrently with the development in the number of motorised vehicles as well as the upgrading of the infrastructure of highways. Using electric automobiles is one option to either cut down on the amount of gasoline imported or the amount of crude oil imported.

Theme 4: Strategic Transformation of converting traditional vehicles into fully electric
The selection of certain components, such as the braking system or the suspension system, is directly influenced by factors such as the total weight of the vehicle as well as the size of the wheels. Converting an automobile that originally had an internal combustion engine into an electric vehicle requires ensuring that all of these factors are compatible with one another. Adding an electric propulsion unit to the chassis of a gasoline or diesel-powered vehicle presents the question of how the power will be transferred from the engine to the wheels. The battery does come with a few disadvantages, the first of which is its high purchasing price, which may be up to several thousand euros for a lithium-ion battery that has a range of more than 100 kilometres (Dajsuren and Brand, 2019). Converting a car that is powered by an internal combustion engine to one that is powered by electricity requires the installation of a charging circuit. The wattage of this circuit will be restricted due to heat dissipation restrictions, which are difficult to get around if the vehicle was not designed with this in mind during the initial design phase.

Theme 5: Future trends in Fully-Electric Cars
Sales of electric cars broke another record in 2021, despite the Covid-19 pandemic and supply chain problems, like as semiconductor chip shortages. In hindsight, the worldwide sales of electric vehicles in 2012 topped 120,00. Scorranoet al. (2020) report that even while the overall automotive industry was down in 2020, sales of electric cars (including BEVs and PHEVs) nearly doubled from the previous year, reaching 6.6 million units in 2021. Because of this, the total number of electric automobiles now operating on the road surpassed 16.5 million. As in prior years, the majority of the rise may be attributed to BEVs. The markets for electric vehicles are growing rapidly. In 2021, sales of electric cars made up 9% of the worldwide market for automobiles, which was four times as much as their market share in 2019. Electric vehicles accounted for the whole of the industry's gain in terms of net growth in 2021. However, due to the introduction of internal combustion engines (ICEs) and the subsequent drop in the cost of such engines, electric vehicles have been mostly ignored for over a century. Currently, there has been a sizeable hike in the cost of fossil fuels, and there has also been a development of a rising concern for the environment, which has led to a growth in the interest surrounding EVs.

Summary
This chapter is one of the most significant parts of any piece of research that has ever been done. The process of theme analysis was used, and it was successful in finishing this part of the task. The questions have been formulated in such a way that it will be feasible for the researchers to fulfil the objectives of the study via the use of the subjects. As a direct consequence of this, the next chapter will discuss the findings and inferences that may be drawn from this chapter.

Chapter 5: Strategic transformation assignment Conclusion
5.1 Introduction
This chapter's goal is to offer a detailed record of all the information that can be gleaned from the inquiry. With that in mind, it is important to note that all analyses of the research data have been conducted appropriately. This part of the conclusion has therefore linked the study's results to its aims and made some noteworthy recommendations. In this stage, choices regarding the project's future scope may be taken depending on the results of the study.

5.2 Gibbs Reflective Cycle
Description
As part of a self-reflection exercise, I had done to better grasp the innovation and long-term company growth practises used by BMW. All three aspects of the company's viability, its technological viability, its financial viability, and its commercial canvas had been in relation. After doing an internal study for a self-reflection project, I turned to external sources to better comprehend BMW’s future potential. In light of the ongoing corona virus epidemic, it has been necessary to rely on secondary sources instead of performing original fieldwork. This evaluation had been something I had to tackle on my own.

Feelings
The experience did not shake my faith in my own research abilities, which I had felt secure in up until that point. To begin with, I could only rely on secondary sources since completing original research was out of the question. I was feeling confident and had made plans to do a full examination of the BMW’s tools and procedures before beginning my analysis on the dissertation. However, after finishing the investigation, I realised that there was more I could have learned about BMW and its influence in the corporate world.

Evaluation
One positive outcome was my understanding of the resources BMW's uses to kick off its business strategy. As a result of the corona virus, I was unable to gather primary data or draw comparisons to other corporate organisations, which was disappointing. My investigation was responsible for the successful parts of the analysis. I had had some assistance from my teachers throughout the research process. I had even gotten all the help and data I needed from BMW on the tools' practicality from a technical and budgetary standpoint. In conclusion, I believe I was able to analyse the issue well.

Analysis
The help and support I had from my teachers were crucial to my success with the assignment. Thanks to the lecture notes and help I received, I was able to confidently begin and complete my examination without fear of making any of the common mistakes students make when studying this topic for the first time. Nonetheless, as was already said, there were instances in which the project was poorly executed. Justification for this is that only secondary data was available, and I believe that doing primary research would have led to a different direction for the study.

Conclusion
Because of the study, I gained a wealth of knowledge about different approaches to doing company. It is clear that doing an external examination and improving market standing are both challenging tasks. This specific exercise in introspection helped me immensely since it illuminated for me the actions that were required of me in order to develop into a competent businessperson. I was aware of BMW’s optimistic business goals and the methods it utilised to get them. As a result, the paper might conclude that the subject is optimistic due to the examination of the company's business potential.

Action Plan
There are certain details that I would change if I were to do this again. My ability to compare my findings to those of the competition is one example. The quality of the current research being undertaken is insufficient to provide comparisons between different companies and to give an analysis of the methods and processes used. Moreover, I would make it a point to do either a case study or primary research to learn about the issue from someone else's perspective and have a better feel for it myself.

5.3 Strategic transformation assignment Recommendations
The most important piece of strategic advice that can be given to the corporation is that it should concentrate on producing elegant automobiles of premium quality at prices that are comparatively cheaper in order to attract potential clients whose purchasing power is restricted only by their level of income. This would be the definite means of succeeding in the firm if done in this manner. Consequently, the company's management should adopt competitive policies, which would assist the company in warding off the competition that was present in the market, in circumstances where the external environment posed a significant threat to the internal affairs and strategies of the company, particularly this one engaged in the car manufacturing industry and market. Novel products would be created, and effective marketing strategies would be put into place, all in an attempt to lessen the blow.

Chapter 6: Reflection
The goal of this paper is to assist the student get a better knowledge of the process that was followed in the preparation of a specific project. It aids in both the comprehension of the information that has been obtained and the application of that knowledge to future possibilities. It is also helpful to examine the strengths and weaknesses that were demonstrated when the task first started. Specifically for the sake of this project, I will be using Gibbs' reflective cycle to do the required introspection. The cycle helps to provide a structure within which to evaluate one's life experiences, as stated by Li et al. (2020). It results in having repeated experiences, which enables appropriate learning and the planning of tasks that need to be done. This is because it leads to having repeated experiences.

Within the context of this self-reflection project, it was expected of me to evaluate BMW in terms of its practicability from a technological, financial, and commercial perspective. The aid that I had obtained from other individuals included receiving lecture notes from my teachers on the models to be utilised and their application. This was one example of the assistance that I had received. The result of the circumstance was that I was able to get useful information about BMW and the way in which the corporation makes use of a variety of competitive instruments in order to comprehend the possibility it has within the industry. My goal in taking the exam was to expand my business knowledge by learning more about the many assessment techniques that can be used to analyse the progress of a company. Because of this, I will be better able to put these technologies to use in a meaningful way in the future with the firm in which I may be associated. I hoped that the findings of my analysis would be favourable, and that I would also get a comprehensive understanding of the capabilities and obligations that are mine, which may be beneficial in the future.

My participation in the evaluation of the dissertation had been voluntary, so there was no need to worry about how other people felt about it. As a result, there were no such responses. My classmates and professors had expressed their delight in my accomplishments, and I had received their support in carrying out the assignment that was assigned to me. The teachers had provided me with a great deal of assistance, which enabled me to keep moving forward with my life goals and plans. During the course of my research of the organisation, I had been mulling over several strategies for elevating the quality of the study I do. When I was thinking about how to proceed with my analysis of the issue, the inclusion of instances of other businesses was one of the ideas that crossed my mind. This would allow me to evaluate BMW's use of the tools in comparison to that of other organisations. After completing my work as instructed in the self-reflection assignment, I believe I did a good job of identifying BMW's rivals in order to obtain a transparent comprehension of the company's supply chain and technological innovation. The bulk of the evaluation, on the other hand, was spent analysing BMW’s own actions rather than comparing them to those of the company's rivals.

The parts that I did not perform very well include not making any comparisons between BMW and its rivals, which is one of the things that I should have done. I had cited the names of the other businesses as rivals like Tesla, but I had not performed any strategic study on the instruments that these other businesses employed. In light of this, the presented plan focused on providing BMW with several opportunities to strengthen its internal capabilities rather than providing a yardstick by which to evaluate BMW's future commercial prospects. I helped with the assessment by researching several tools to see which ones applied to BMW and how they should be used. This was necessary in order to fulfil the requirements of the evaluation. However, since I had previously relied on the support of the professors and the lecture notes, the fact that I am now capable of taking on a greater share of the responsibility for commencing the study may be seen as a negative trait on my part.

This being stated, I need to make certain changes to my methods before I can go forward with beginning certain activities. I have to stop relying so much on my instructors' lectures and take more initiative in planning and carrying out my own research. The lecture notes might be used as supplementary reading in combination with my own research. In addition, it is my responsibility to ensure that the primary data collection for the research is completed to enable clear direct analysis of the uses of the tools and methods. For an online interview, I could have contacted the manager of any local BMW franchise. Another option would have been to compare BMW to its competitors in the sector and undertake a thorough secondary data analysis. The conclusion that I can draw from this analysis is that in order to get started on my project, I need to first do extensive study on it. To increase the qualitative value of my research, I need to first comprehend why I am doing this study and then use any strategy that would be of assistance to me in doing so. I have analysed both my strong points and my weak points, and based on that analysis, I will be able to continue working on my own projects in the future. The results of this analysis have shown that the implementation of various business tools and strategies is essential to the growth of a firm. This is one of the things that has been learned. BMW continues to employ novel strategies in order to please its consumers despite the fact that the corporation is already quite successful in the restaurant market. In the task that requires self-reflection, it is said that this unique attitude of continuous growth is the information that one has acquired about continuing to study in order to better themselves.

My capacity to do research in a timely and effective manner is one of the needed talents that I need to improve. I failed to meet the requirements of the self-reflection assignment because I did not devote enough time to researching the methods and approaches utilised by BMW's competitors. One of my future plans is to do in-depth research with the hope of someday undertaking an evaluation of this kind of information. In addition, before beginning my inquiry, I would devote considerable time and effort into acquiring a comprehensive and in-depth familiarity with the topic at hand. Enrolling in a self-belief course that requires me to gather positive reinforcement for myself may significantly increase the probability that I will act differently the next time. Successfully launching the research will need me to first develop expertise in the art of searching for in-depth secondary material. These are the skills that I need to hone so that I may carry out my work effectively in the future. Overall, a conclusion may be drawn from the study of the reflection and the experience that I have gained, and this conclusion may be looked at in the future as a possible plan to improve my status. The research I conducted as part of this introspective project has convinced me that I have amassed a respectable quantity of data that may be useful in writing this Strategic transformation assignment on BMW's strategic shift. On the other side, I learned a lot about my strengths and weaknesses via the necessary introspection for this assignment, which will serve me well in the future when I face similar obstacles.

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